77 to 82 % Nickel-Iron
Highest Permeability for Demanding Magnetic Sensor and Shielding Applications
In 77 % to 82% nickel iron alloys both the crystalline magnetic anisotropy and the magnetostriction constant approach zero, resulting in very low coercivities and highest permeabilities.
In other words, the materials already exhibit a significant polarization in very small external magnetic fields. Therefore 77 % to 82 % nickel iron alloys are the materials of choice for highly sensitive sensor applications (e. g. current sensors) and in particular for high quality magnetic shielding.
Benefits:
- Highest permeability leads to a very high shielding factor
- Lowest coercivity
- Ductile and well formable
- Magnetic shielding
- Current and position sensors
- Transformer cores
- Magnetic flux guiding and magnetic lenses
- Sensitive RCD relays
For (shielding) applications at cryogenic temperatures (e.g. 4 K and 77 K) VAC offers the proprietary alloy CRYOPERM®
| Alloy | Strip | Solid Material | Wire | Parts/Laminates/Stacks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| VACOPERM 100 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | ✔ | ✔ |
MUMETALL®, VACOPERM® 100 and ULTRAVAC® 80 are all soft magnetic alloys with 77-80 wt% Ni, in which by a combination of alloying elements and closely controlled annealing procedures it is possible to tune both the magnetostriction constant λ111 and the magnetic crystalline anisotropy K1 to zero.
While MUMETALL and VACOPERM 100 are copper containing alloys with 4.5 wt% Cu and 3 to 4 wt% Mo, ULTRAVAC 80 is a copper-free variant, containing only about 5 wt% Mo as an alloying element.
The highest initial permeabilities are reached by an adjusted tempering treatment after the high temperature annealing of the alloy, controlling the degree of elemental ordering on the Ni-Fe sublattice.
ULTRAVAC 816 is a copper-free alloy that has been optimized to exhibit a round hysteresis loop that is correlated with high initial permeability without the need of an additional tempering treatment. The saturation magnetization of this alloy is slightly lower than the one of MUMETALL, VACOPERM 100 and ULTRAVAC 80.
CRYOPERM® is especially designed for demanding applications at cryogenic temperatures, exhibiting high initial permeabilities in the range of 4 – 100 K after heat treatment.
- Magnetic shielding
- Current and position sensors
- Transformer cores
- Magnetic flux guiding and magnetic lenses
- Sensitive RCD relays
For (shielding) applications at cryogenic temperatures (e.g. 4 K and 77 K) VAC offers the proprietary alloy CRYOPERM®
| Alloy | Strip | Solid Material | Wire | Parts/Laminates/Stacks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| VACOPERM 100 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | ✔ | ✔ |
MUMETALL®, VACOPERM® 100 and ULTRAVAC® 80 are all soft magnetic alloys with 77-80 wt% Ni, in which by a combination of alloying elements and closely controlled annealing procedures it is possible to tune both the magnetostriction constant λ111 and the magnetic crystalline anisotropy K1 to zero.
While MUMETALL and VACOPERM 100 are copper containing alloys with 4.5 wt% Cu and 3 to 4 wt% Mo, ULTRAVAC 80 is a copper-free variant, containing only about 5 wt% Mo as an alloying element.
The highest initial permeabilities are reached by an adjusted tempering treatment after the high temperature annealing of the alloy, controlling the degree of elemental ordering on the Ni-Fe sublattice.
ULTRAVAC 816 is a copper-free alloy that has been optimized to exhibit a round hysteresis loop that is correlated with high initial permeability without the need of an additional tempering treatment. The saturation magnetization of this alloy is slightly lower than the one of MUMETALL, VACOPERM 100 and ULTRAVAC 80.
CRYOPERM® is especially designed for demanding applications at cryogenic temperatures, exhibiting high initial permeabilities in the range of 4 – 100 K after heat treatment.
|
Strip Material |
Saturation Polarization Js [T] |
Coercivity HC [A/m] |
Max. Permeability1 μmax |
Max. Permeability2 μmax |
Initial Permeability1 μ0.1A/m |
Initial Permeability2 μ0.1 A/m |
| MUMETALL | 0.78 | 0.6 | 500,000 | 240,000 | 45,000 | 90,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VACOPERM 100 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 350,000 | 240,000 | 70,000 | 90,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | 0.75 | 0.6 | 400,000 | 240,000 | 65,000 | 90,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 210,000 | - | 90,000 | - |
1after recommended heat treatment with typical cooling rate 50K/h
2after recommended heat treatment and additional tempering with recommended conditions
|
Bulk Material |
Saturation Polarisation |
Coercivity |
Max. Permeability |
Initial Permeability1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | 0.78 | 0.6 | 500,000 | 45,000 |
| VACOPERM 100 D | 0.74 | 0.6 | 350,000 | 70,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 D | 0.75 | 0.6 | 400,000 | 65,000 |
1after recommended heat treatment with typical cooling rate 50K/h
| Alloy | Mass Density ρ [g/cm3] |
Electrical Resistivity ρel [μΩm] |
Curie Temperature TC [°C] |
Thermal Conductivity (25 °C) λ [W/mK] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | 8.7 | 0.6 | 400 | 18 - 20 |
| VACOPERM 100 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 360 | 18 - 20 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 370 | 18 - 20 |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 360 | 18 - 20 |
|
Strip Material |
Saturation Polarization Js [T] |
Coercivity HC [A/m] |
Max. Permeability1 μmax |
Max. Permeability2 μmax |
Initial Permeability1 μ0.1A/m |
Initial Permeability2 μ0.1 A/m |
| MUMETALL | 0.78 | 0.6 | 500,000 | 240,000 | 45,000 | 90,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VACOPERM 100 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 350,000 | 240,000 | 70,000 | 90,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | 0.75 | 0.6 | 400,000 | 240,000 | 65,000 | 90,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | 0.74 | 0.6 | 210,000 | - | 90,000 | - |
1after recommended heat treatment with typical cooling rate 50K/h
2after recommended heat treatment and additional tempering with recommended conditions
|
Bulk Material |
Saturation Polarisation |
Coercivity |
Max. Permeability |
Initial Permeability1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | 0.78 | 0.6 | 500,000 | 45,000 |
| VACOPERM 100 D | 0.74 | 0.6 | 350,000 | 70,000 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 D | 0.75 | 0.6 | 400,000 | 65,000 |
1after recommended heat treatment with typical cooling rate 50K/h
| Alloy | Mass Density ρ [g/cm3] |
Electrical Resistivity ρel [μΩm] |
Curie Temperature TC [°C] |
Thermal Conductivity (25 °C) λ [W/mK] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MUMETALL | 8.7 | 0.6 | 400 | 18 - 20 |
| VACOPERM 100 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 360 | 18 - 20 |
| ULTRAVAC 80 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 370 | 18 - 20 |
| ULTRAVAC 816 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 360 | 18 - 20 |
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